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General Donation

Let's discuss the two most popular electrolyzer designs floating around. "Wet Cells" and "Dry Cells". Though dramatically different, these two terms don't necessarily describe the designs accurately. This is because both designs are flooded with liquid electrolyte.

Wet Cells
Wet Cells are comprised of an electrolyte-filled container in which the electrodes are either fully or partially submerged. They are generally made of stainless steel plates, wound wire, bolts or various other materials. The main feature of a Wet Cell is that it is self-contained. The container houses the electrodes and reservoir together. When power is applied the electrodes produce the HHO, which bubbles up through the electrolytic bath and escapes through a port installed in the top. This type of electrolyzer is generally less efficient, but poses some advantages over Dry Cells, in that they are easy to build and have fewer components. Though few Wet Cells produce more than 1.5-LPM, they can be chained together to increase their overall output. Some individuals have even designed Wet Cell containers that have secondary reservoirs that automatically refill the cell after it has been turned off. One of these individuals is The Smack. Few have made more advances in efficiencies with Wet Cells than The Smack. His Smacks Booster designs, though Patent Pending, are open source and free to anyone interested.

Dry Cells
Many Dry Cells are influenced by the Tero Electrolyzer or the more complex electronics-driven Bob Boyce designs. They are sometimes referred to as "Isolated Series Cells, "Cell Stacks" or "Flooded Dry Cells (to name a few)". Though the electrodes are still flooded, Dry Cells are considered "dry" because the electrodes are separated from the reservoir. The electrolyte is contained between the electrodes, rather than around them. This design greatly improves efficiency by reducing parasitic current losses that occur at the edges of the electrodes. Typically, a Dry Cell is usually made of stainless steel electrodes separated by gaskets. The gaskets separate each electrode which has holes to allow the electrolyte level between each electrode to equalize. Plates at either end hold all the electrodes and gaskets together with bolts.

When the electrodes are energized, HHO is produced and escapes out a hole placed at the top of one of the end plates. In the Tero Electrolyzer the bubbling HHO carries electrolyte with it to the reservoir, which acts as a gas separator. This is considered a self-pumping mechanism. The HHO and electrolyte flow up through the reservoir, together, where the electrolyte is left in the reservoir and the HHO escapes out a port installed at the top of the reservoir. The remaining electrolyte is cycled back into the Dry Cell, where the process continues. Tero-inspired Dry Cells are considered a closed loop system, in which the reservoir acts as a water-gas separator, or "pre-bubbler". In the Bob Boyce inspired Electrolyzers, the electrodes have no holes in them, further reducing current losses. One could think of these designs as a hybrid between the Wet and Dry cell. The electrode edges are isolated as in a Dry Cell, but the cell container also serves as the reservoir. Generally, the electrolyte levels stay below the top of the plates, and the HHO is collected at the top of the container. Dry Cells are highly efficient, and tend to produce larger quantities of HHO with less energy.

Reservoirs & Gas Separators
Bubblers
Flash Arrestors
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